Nizami YUSUBOV , Dmitriy ARDASHEV, Heyran ABBASOVA, Ramil DADASHOV

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/IYJP4291

Abstract: In this paper, the primary technological factors influencing the productivity and quality of the machining process in Computer Numerical Control (CNC) multi-operational machine tools – cutting conditions and cutting tool wear – are systematically analyzed. The study indicates that enhancing productivity and improving machining quality are directly dependent on the optimization of the toolpath, the minimization of operational and auxiliary times, as well as the proper selection of cutting conditions. The characteristics of cutting tool wear, particularly radial and flank wear, were analyzed using experimental methods during the machining of workpieces made from various materials, and radial wear was determined to be a more stable indicator. Based on this finding, it is proposed that radial wear be adopted as the primary criterion for the selection of machining parameters. Furthermore, the potential to significantly reduce machine time and increase the efficiency of the production process has been demonstrated through the planning of tool entry and exit paths, the overlapping of passes, and the application of multi-tool machining methods. Different toolpath strategies (such as looping, zigzag, plunging, and contour machining) are presented as factors that directly influence the machining accuracy and surface quality of the part during the creation of control programs. Consequently, in the optimization of technological processes on CNC machine tools, the toolpath strategy, the proper selection of cutting conditions, and the precise analysis of cutting tool wear play a crucial role. The proposed approaches hold practical significance for enhancing productivity and quality in an industrial environment.

Keywords: CNC machines, machining on multi-operation machines, technological optimization, machining schemes, tool trajectory and transition planning.

Vagif ABBASOV, Mursal NASIROV

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/UKQM5117

Abstract: The article investigates the wear characteristics of the cutting teeth of disc-type milling cutters used for milling rectangular grooves in medium-density composite wood materials, considering their dependence on material density and cutting speed. Empirical formulas were derived by constructing comparative graphs of the relationships between the quantitative deformation parameters of the cutter teeth during the milling of composite wood samples with varying densities. Using these formulas, the wear parameters of the disc-type cutter teeth were theoretically calculated. The obtained results were compared with experimental data from the study, and changes in wear characteristics during repeated wear cycles were analyzed. The research also established that the anisotropy of composite wood materials, alongside other technological factors, causes uneven wear of the cutter teeth. The anisotropy is attributed to variations in the physical-mechanical properties within the wood particles, uneven distribution of resin adhesive compositions, and the formation of voids in areas with high resin accumulation during the drying stage of the board production process. Furthermore, the use of diverse raw materials such as different wood species and other wood/non-wood waste materials in composite wood production accentuates anisotropic properties. During cutting, the cutter teeth continuously encounter surfaces with varying characteristics, exacerbating the non-uniform wear process. Additionally, it was observed that the cutting speed of the milling cutter varies depending on environmental conditions. Increased cutting speed leads to uneven wear of the cutter teeth, resulting in tool vibration and, consequently, greater geometric dimensional inaccuracies in the milled grooves.

Keywords: composite material, wood, disk-type milling tool, rectangular groove, wear of teeth

Viktor ARTEMYEV, Natalia MOKROVA, Narmin ALIEVA

E-mail: [email protected],  [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/QMMA8028

Abstract: The theory of optimal systems is considered as a fundamental direction of technical cybernetics, providing scientifically sound approaches to the selection of the best control strategies for complex dynamic objects. The choice of the control target function and the formation of optimality criteria allow us to quantitatively assess the quality of system functioning. The basic provisions of the theory of optimality and mathematical principles of the choice of optimality criteria justify the achievement of extreme values of target functions and functionals. Analytical methods of optimal control selection based on variational principles and functional analysis in the formation of optimality criterion, selection of input and output parameters of the system, control actions, perturbing factors, process dynamics are investigated. The use of simulation modeling technologies allowed us to propose adaptive control algorithms that provide stability and efficiency of the system in a dynamically changing environment. In the article modern digital technologies and methods of optimal control are used for modeling of adaptive control of system parameters in real time. The considered approaches to the formation and application of optimality criteria allow not only to increase the productivity and resource efficiency of automated systems, but also to create scientifically sound principles for the construction of intelligent control complexes that provide high reliability and flexibility of technological processes.

Keywords: theory of optimal systems, optimality criteria, functional of the target function, adaptive algorithms, digital control technologies.

Vitaly KARGIN Viktor ARTEMYEV Shahin CHARKASOV

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/DNZM3255

Abstract: The article is devoted to a comprehensive methodology for studying the dynamics of complex automatic control systems on the basis of a unified physical and mathematical approach. The authors show that classical analytical methods applicable to linear models of low orders cease to be effective in the transition to high-dimensional and, moreover, nonlinear control objects: computational requirements increase exponentially, and the obtained stability criteria turn out to be excessively conservative. To overcome these limitations, we propose a systematic use of large-scale modeling based on the principles of similarity theory. The paper consistently reveals the conditions of dynamic equivalence of the model and the original system, and substantiates the choice of scales that allow either to preserve the characteristic frequencies of processes, or, on the contrary, to compress or stretch the time scale to increase the experimental clarity. Special attention is paid to the role of electronic simulators, thanks to which multiple, repeatable reproduction of transients and fine-tuning of parameters in real time is possible. The methodological part is accompanied by an analysis of the historical evolution of the approach: from the first laboratory installations with mechanical analogy to modern digital benches integrating mathematical models, hardware-software interfaces and means of automatic parameter identification into a single environment. Integrated modeling not only significantly reduces the costs of debugging and testing of regulators, but also provides an opportunity for deep optimization of control structures and algorithms, especially in cases where direct calculation of parameters is impossible or economically inexpedient. As a result, an integral research platform is formed that combines the rigor of mathematical criteria, flexibility of engineering experimentation and high resource efficiency.

Keywords: modeling of automatic systems; automatic control system; similarity theory; mathematical model; physical model

Nijat MASTANZADE, Тural RUSTAMLI, Nariman ABDINLI

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected] , [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/RUUM1114

Abstract: Large-span cable-stayed bridges are increasingly becoming a vital component of modern bridge infrastructure due to their efficiency in load distribution, aesthetic appeal, and ability to span significant distances. This study examines the structural and dynamic performance of Azerbaijan’s largest multi-span cable-stayed bridge, which is currently under construction along the Muganly-Ismayilli-Gabala road. With a total length of 1100 meters, the bridge is located in a region of high seismic activity, making stability and structural integrity paramount concerns in its design and construction. A detailed load analysis was conducted, considering both permanent and temporary loads. These include the self-weight of the bridge, vehicle loads, environmental forces such as wind, snow, and ice, as well as the influence of seismic effects. The bridge features multiple cable configurations - with specific cross-sectional areas and tension forces that ensure structural stability. To mitigate seismic impact, the bridge is equipped with kinematic roller supports between the stiffening beam and its supporting structures, allowing controlled movement during seismic events. The study also focuses on the dynamic behavior of the bridge under various forces, particularly wind loads that induce oscillations in the cables and the stiffening beam. Through finite element analysis, the vertical and horizontal vibration frequencies were calculated, ensuring that resonance conditions are avoided. The results demonstrate that the bridge remains within safe limits for aerodynamic stability, with no risk of excessive oscillations due to wind or traffic loads. Furthermore, the analysis of cable strength and durability confirms that the maximum tension forces are within acceptable limits, with safety margins that comply with international engineering standards. The bridge’s stiffness conditions were verified using deformation calculations, showing that maximum deflections remain within allowable limits, ensuring long-term serviceability. This study provides crucial insights into the design and performance of large-span cable-stayed bridges in seismically active regions. The findings highlight the importance of advanced structural analysis and innovative engineering solutions to enhance stability, durability, and safety. The research contributes to the broader understanding of bridge engineering, offering valuable guidelines for the construction of future large-span cable-stayed structures in challenging environmental conditions.

Keywords: cable-stayed, bridge, strength, dynamic stability, durability

Jamaladdin ASLANOV, Rana KABAOGLU, Qahraman HASANAOV Kanan BABANLI

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected], [email protected], [email protected],

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/LALT2503

Abstract: The most widespread type of closing structures, valves, are used in various fields of industry. Ensuring maximum tightness in these equipment remains an urgent issue. In scientific research, the parameters on which the sealing effect is based have been revealed and the principles of ensuring tightness have been developed. It has been determined that ensuring the principle of equal pressure distribution inside the closing structures is the main condition. Ensuring equal pressure distribution inside the improved valve structures will eliminate the non-parallel wear occurring in the shield-saddle pair and ensure maximum tightness between the pairs.

Keywords: valve, sealing, equal pressure distribution, wear resistance, operability

Rafig SADIGOV, Niyazi HASANOV, Vladimir KOCHEMIROVSKY

E-mail: [email protected],  [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/ULLS88556

Abstract: This paper examines the architecture and design principles of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) systems for local area networks (LANs), their types, as well as issues related to the integration of UPS systems into the network. The paper addresses ways to enhance the reliability of power supply through the application of modern technologies and to optimize energy efficiency. The main causes of power-related emergency situations in local area networks are analyzed, a comparative study of different UPS design options for LANs is conducted, and a schematic design of a high-efficiency power supply device is proposed.

Keywords: uninterruptible power supply systems (UPS), inverter, rectifier block, On-line UPS system.

Sarvan AZIZ, Agasi AGAYEV

E-mail: [email protected], [email protected]

DOI: https://doi.org/10.61413/OQMY5094

Abstract: The article analyzes the formation of residual stresses in the process of producing aluminum alloys and the regularity of their subsequent formation. The parameters affecting the value and sign of residual stresses in aluminum alloys, as well as the basis for selecting optimal modes, are determined. The degree of influence of the main input parameters of the process on the reduction of residual stresses in the rolling process, which is the main one in aluminum production, is determined, in particular, the chemical composition and physical and mechanical properties of the material.

Keywords: residual stresses, aluminum alloys, flat-rolled products, sheet, physical and mechanical properties.