MODELLING OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEM ON AN ELECTRONIC MODEL

This paper presents a detailed analysis of the dynamics of an automatic temperature control system using an electronic model based on a cascade representation of control objects in the form of aperiodic links. The system under consideration includes several stages of signal conversion an actuator, whose inertial link determines the rate of temperature change; and a thermocouple, which has its own inertia, affecting the accuracy and delay of the feedback signal. To stabilise the temperature, a proportional controller is provided, which ensures the adjustment of the control action depending on the deviation of the actual temperature from the set temperature. The authors of the paper consistently derive a high-order differential equation describing the dynamic behaviour of the entire system. It is based on the physical parameters of time constants and gain coefficients responsible for the inertia of the links and the relationships between them. By substituting specific numerical values for time constants and coefficients as well as for the given initial conditions initial temperature deviation and its derivatives, the final equation of motion is formed, which allows to evaluate the nature of the transient process. The nature of transient processes arising at sudden change of system parameters or at initial deviation of temperature from the desired level is determined. The analysis of the obtained equation and its solutions makes it possible to predict the monotonicity and oscillation of the transient process, to estimate the maximum temperature deviations and the time of reaching the steady-state mode.