2026-09-27T23:43:26Z https://msj.aztu.edu.az/oai

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/1 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

DEVELOPMENT OF SOFTWARE FOR THE SELECTION OF PARAMETERS FOR STANDARD GRINDING CYCLES OF THE SIEMENS SINUMERIK 802D SL SYSTEM SHIPULIN, Leonid OBUKHOVA, Evgeniya FROLOV, Arnold cylindrical grinding automatic cycles parameters of grinding cycles Machine design An overview of the standard cycles used in the preparation of control programs for cylindrical grinding machines with the Siemens SINUMERIK 802D sl CNC system, as well as the problems associated with the assignment of their parameters, is carried out. The developed software for assigning the parameters of standard cycles used in the preparation of control programs for cylindrical grinding machines with the Siemens SINUMERIK 802D sl CNC system is being carried out. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/1 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021) Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/4 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

ENERGY EFFICIENT AUTONOMOUS LOWER LIMB EXOSKELETON FOR HUMAN MOTION ENHANCEMENT MIR-NASIRI, Nazim SISWOYO JO, Hudyjaya Energy efficient system exoskeleton motion enhancement robotics Machine design The paper describes conceptual design, control strategies and partial simulation for a new fully autonomous lower limb wearable exoskeleton system for human motion enhancement that can support its weight and increase strength and endurance. During the last decade, researchers have focused on the development of lower limb exoskeletons for power augmentation for military or medical assistance. Various problems remain to be solved where the most important is the creation of a power and cost efficient system that will allow an exoskeleton to operate for extended periods without being frequently recharged. The designed exoskeleton is enabling to decouple the weight/mass carrying function of the system from the forward motion function which reduces the power and size of propulsion motors and thus the overall weight, cost of the system. The decoupling takes place by blocking the motion at knee joint by placing passive air cylinder across the joint. The cylinder is actuated when the knee angle has reached the minimum allowed value to bend. The value of the minimum bending angle depends on usual walk style of the subject. The mechanism of the exoskeleton features a seat to rest the subject’s body weight at the moment of blocking the knee joint motion. The mechanical structure of each leg has six degrees of freedom: four at the hip, one at the knee and one at the ankle. Exoskeleton legs are attached to subject legs using flexible cuffs. The operation of all actuators depends on the amount of pressure felt by the feet pressure sensors and knee angle sensor. The sensor readings depend on actual posture of the subject and can be classified in three distinct cases: subject stands on one leg, subject stands still on both legs and subject stands on both legs but transit its weight from one leg to other. This exoskeleton is power efficient because electrical motors are smaller in size and did not participate in supporting the weight like in all other existing exoskeleton designs. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/4 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 59-69 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/6 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

ANALYSIS AND MANUFACTURING OF 6 DoF HYBRID ROBOT MANIPULATOR FOR TELEOPERATION IN MEDICAL APPLICATIONS GEZGIN, Erkin Hybrid Robot Manipulators Teleoperation Kinematic Analysis Machine design Parallel to the rapidly developing technology, robot manipulators, whose areas of usage have continuously been expanded from the last periods of past century, have taken part in many different successful applications. Thanks to its increasing significance, nowadays medical science is one of the primary areas of those applications. Thus, this study targets mainly the field of medical science. Within the scope of this paper, six degrees of freedom hybrid robot manipulator with large workspace and adequate precision was introduced and equipped with dual actuators in its two Cartesian axes for possible haptic integration for the future. Target hybrid manipulator was designed in such a way that it can be used in various related medical applications such as teleoperations in robotic surgery, surgical navigation, dental and laparoscopic simulations. After the structural design part was completed, direct and inverse kinematic analysis procedures were carried out and by using rapid prototyping techniques the manipulator was manufactured. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/6 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 51-58 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/7 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

THE INFLUENCE OF DELAYS IN ELASTICITY AND DAMPING ON AUTO-PARAMETRIC OSCILLATIONS ALIFOV, Alishir MAZUROV, Mikhail self-oscillations parametric oscillations energy source limited power delay elasticity damping method linearization The interaction of self-oscillations and parametric oscillations under the influence of delayed elastic and damping forces in the presence of a limited power energy source in the system is considered. To construct solutions to a nonlinear system of equations, the direct linearization method was used, which contains the linearization accuracy parameter. Using this method, equations of non-stationary and stationary motions are obtained to determine the amplitude, phase of oscillations and the speed of the energy source. Based on the Routh-Hurwitz criteria, the stability of stationary modes of motion is considered and the stability conditions are derived. In order to obtain information about the effect of elastic delays and damping on the dynamics of the system, calculations were performed for various combinations of their values. The corresponding amplitude-frequency characteristics and a graph of the load on the energy source from the side of the oscillatory system are constructed. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/7 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 43-50 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/8 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

STUDY OF THE EFFICIENCY FACTOR OF SLIDING BEARINGS OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION OF MULTISTAGE REDUCER KHALILOV, Isa AHMEDOV, Beyali HAJIYEV, Anar new constructive solution sliding bearings double gear block driving force efficiency factor oil layer angular velocity resistance force The article deals with the issues of quantitative assessment of the internal resistance of oil in sliding bearings of the new constructive solution of two-line three-stage reducer intended for use in transmission mechanisms of machines and devices. Based on the analysis of possible kinematic diagrams of the new constructive solution of reducer, it was determined that the directions of rotation of the driving and driven shafts coincide with the directions of rotation of block gears mounted on sliding bearings. In this case, the resistance in the sliding bearings becomes a useful driving force, which becomes a useful factor characterizing the internal driving force of the oil. This improves the reliability of the mechanism, as well as significantly reduce the energy consumption of the mechanical transmission. Based on the results of calculations, it was determined that the efficiency factor of the new constructive solution of a three-stage reducer is about 2% higher than in classic reducers. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/8 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 33-42 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/9 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF ROBOT MANIPULATORS BY USING SCREW WITH VARIABLE PITCH ALIZADE, Rasim Kinematic pair screws Motion of end effector Screws with variable pitch Dimension of closed loop This paper focuses on the systematic type synthesis of parallel robot manipulators by using new structural formulas based on the screw theory. New structural formulas as a total number of screw in kinematic pairs, number of screws with variable pitch, total number of screws that represent the contact geometry of lower and higher joint elements, mobility equation for robot manipulators, dimension of the closed loop, motion of end effector of parallel manipulator, number degree of freedom of kinematic pairs, refers to find the kinematic structure of robot manipulators realizing a specified motion requirement. Twenty kinematic pairs with structural parameters are introduced. History of six structural formulas using for structural synthesis of parallel robot manipulators from space and different subspaces are presented as a table with equations, authors, years and some commentaries. The structural synthesis approach is based on the elementary notions of screw theory. Using the proposed of structural formulas approach, families of platform manipulators are constructed from a set of structural units. This paper is appropriate for engineers with interest in robotics, rovers, space docking parallel manipulators and screw theory. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/9 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 15-32 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/10 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2021-1

FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF THE SANDWICH COMPLETE CONICAL SHELL WITH FUNCTIONALLY GRADED MATERIALS FACINGS SOFIYEV, Abdullah Functionally graded materials FGM facings sandwich complete conical shell metal-rich core free vibration frequency parameters The free vibration analysis of the sandwich complete conical shell with functionally graded materials (FGMs) facings based on the classical shell theory (CST) is studied. The basic equations of metal-rich truncated conical shells with FGMs facings are derived and solved by employing Galerkin method. The closed form solution for dimensionless frequency parameters of the sandwich complete conical shell with FGM facings is found. The effects of kinds of FGM facings and variation of thickness of facings on the magnitudes of dimensionless frequency parameters are studied in numerical analysis part. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/10 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 1, (2021), pp. 8-14 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/11 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

DYNAMICS OF THE CAM MECHANISM AT DELAYS AND LIMITED POWER-SUPPLY ALIFOV, Alishir cam dynamics oscillations delay elasticity friction energy source limited excitation The dynamics of a cam mechanism with delays in elasticity and friction is considered, the operation of which is supported by an energy source of limited power. The interaction between the cam mechanism and the energy source is described by nonlinear equations. To solve these equations, the method of direct linearization is used and the equations of non-stationary and stationary motions are derived. Relationships are obtained for calculating the stationary values of the amplitude and phase of oscillations, the speed of the energy source. A number of calculations have been performed in order to obtain information on the effect of delays on the dynamics of the cam mechanism. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/11 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 59-63 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/12 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

THE EFFECT OF THE ROTATION DIRECTION OF CRANK ON THE KINEMATIC CHARACTERISTICS AND EXTREME FORCES OF THE RODS SUSPENSION POINT HAJIYEV, Anar pumping unit axial deaxial rods block crank In article carried out a kinematic study of a new constructive solution of pumping unit, which used in oilfield and the influence of the direction of rotation of the crank on the kinematic characteristics of the rod suspension point and extreme forces in both axial and deaxial-converting mechanisms was evaluated. Studies have shown that, according to the elementary theory, changing of direction of rotation of the crank does not affect the load on the rods suspension point, but according to the refined theory, the direction of rotation of the crank has a significant effect on the operation of the pumping unit. Because in this case, the laws of motion of the rods suspension point is sharply change. In addition, it was found that the fundamental difference between the axial and deaxial-converting mechanisms is due to the change in average speed during the up and down stroke movement of the rods suspensions point. It has been found that on pumping units with positive deaxial-converting mechanisms when the crank rotates clockwise, the rods suspension point moves upstroke faster than when it moves down, or vice versa, when the the crank rotates counterclockwise, the time at which the rods suspension point moves up is later than when it moves down. On pumping units with negative deaxial transforming mechanisms when the crank rotates clockwise, upstroke time of rods suspension point is less than it is downstroke time. And on pumping units with negative deaxial transforming mechanisms when the crank rotates clockwise, the upstroke time of the rods suspension point is longer than when it moves down and vice versa, when the crank rotates counterclockwise, the upstroke time of the rods suspension point is less than when it moves down. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/12 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 47-58 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/13 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

RADIALLY EXPANDABLE RING-LIKE STRUCTURE WITH ANTIPARALLELOGRAM LOOPS GÜR, Şebnem KORKMAZ, Koray KİPER, Gökhan deployable ring-like structure antiparallelogram loop loop assembly method radial expansion angulated scissor element. As they constitute a substantial percent of deployable structures, scissor mechanisms are widely studied. This being so, new approaches to the design of scissor mechanisms still emerge. Usually design methods consider the scissor elements as modules. Alternatively, it is possible to consider the loops as modules. In this paper, loop assembly method is used such that antiparallelogram loops are placed along a circle, to construct a deployable structure. The research shows that it is possible to construct radially deployable structures with identical antiparallelogram loops with this method. Then kinematic and geometrical properties of the construction are analyzed. It is found out that the links of such a structure turn out to be similar generalised angulated elements. Furthermore, similar loops are used for the construction and deployable rings are obtained. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/13 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 41-46 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/14 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

A NOVEL TWO-POLYNOMIALS CRITERIA FOR HIGHER-ORDER SYSTEMS STABILITY BOUNDARIES DETECTION AND CONTROL MIR-NASIRI, Nazim higher-order dynamics characteristic polynomial stability boundaries absolute and marginal stability There are many methods of identifying general stability of complex dynamic systems. Routh and Hurwitz’s criterion is one of the earliest and commonly used analytical tools analysing stability of a dynamic system. However, it requires redundant calculation of all the elements of the Routh array to identify stability, even the low-order system. Therefore, it is not a simple method to identify, especially analytically, the stability boundaries for the coefficients of the characteristic equation due to tedious and lengthy derivation of all the Routh array elements. The proposed brand-new criterion or algorithm is an effective alternative and a universal technique to identify analytically the stability of up to sixth-order linear time-invariant dynamic system based on the set of unique for all possible system equations (2) and (3) that relate coefficients of the system characteristic polynomial at the stability boundaries by means of a single additional constant k. The expressions derived on this basis for a higher-order dynamic system can be used effectively to identify the boundaries of its stable behaviour spans. It defines the necessary and sufficient conditions for absolute stability of higher-order dynamic systems. It also allows the analysing of the system’s precise marginal stability condition (whether stable or not) and the nature of the system roots at the stability boundaries, i.e. when they are relocated on imaginary jω-axis of s-plane. The criterion proposed by the authors, in contrast to Routh criteria, simplifies significantly the identification of maximum and minimum stability limits for any coefficient of the higher-order characteristic equation. The paper also presents the numerical analysis of stability boundaries for systems with order higher than six based on criteria (2) or (3). The derived stability boundary formulas (2) and (3) for the polynomial coefficients are successfully used for PID controller gains selection in close-loop control systems and this achievement does not have analogy in control theory. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/14 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 23-40 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/15 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

REAL TIME CONTROLLED TWO DoF FIVE BAR ROBOT MANIPULATOR Cemal CAN, Fatih ŞEN, Hayrettin two DoF Robot five bar linkage mechanism Arduino Visual C# In this research, computer controlled two DoF five bar robot manipulator is investigated. In order to control manipulator, a human machine interface program is developed in Visual C# after completing inverse kinematic analysis of robot manipulator. By the help of inverse kinematics, this program calculates two joint variables for given positions of end point. Then the program sends a data package containing these joint variables to Arduino microcontroller. Arduino microcontroller set the positions of two servos according to calculated joint angles. Also using standard geometries, robot can follow trajectory a line, a circle and a rectangle. Furthermore, a lot of patterns can be generated using function with variable radius and angle of rotation. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/15 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 14-22 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/16 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

ENGINEERING DESIGN AS KEY AREA OF TECHNICAL BACKGROUND FOR ENGINEERS ALIZADE, Rasim TEMIROV, Arkadiy ALAKBAROV, Allahverdi Engineering Design Curriculum System Approach System Engineering Engineering Design Process Syllabus The article identifies some areas of engineer’s background, which are not sufficiently covered in curriculums of national universities. These gaps mainly relate to issues of clear understanding of real engineering and design processes, capability to apply system thinking approach to realization of engineering tasks, which is basis of systems engineering. Properly configured curriculums will allow students smoothly move forward from basics of engineering processes and disciplines up to Engineering Project Management. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/16 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 10-13 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/17 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-1

DETERMINATION OF THE DYNAMIC STATE OF SHIFT-DEFORMABLE SANDWICH NANOCOMPOSITE CYLINDRICAL PANELS AVEY, Mahmure YUSUFOGLU, Elçin HASANOV, Yusif SCHNACK, Eckart ERTUNÇ, Kemal Carbon nanotube nanocomposite sandwich panel free vibration frequency shear deformation theory In this study, the dynamic behavior of shear deformable heterogeneous nanocomposite sandwich cylindri-cal panels containing carbon nanotube (CNT) patterned layers is investigated. The basic differential equa-tions of the sandwich cylindrical panel composed of CNT patterned layers based on the Donnell type shell theory are derived. Then basic equations are solved by applying Galerkin method and obtained expression for the nondimensional free vibration frequency of three-layer nanocomposite cylindrical panels within the first order shear deformation shell theory (FOSDST). Finally, the influences of transverse shear strains, volume fractions, arrangement of sandwich nanocomposite layers on the nondimensional free vibration frequency are studied. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/17 Machine Science, Vol. 11, No. 1, (2022), pp. 4-9 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/18 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

CONSTRUCTION AND REGULATION OF STATIC CHARACTERISTICS FOR CONTROL OBJECTS ARTEMYEV, Victor NAZOIKIN, Evgeny PANK, Vitaly Resource security modified protocol digitalization This article discusses the issues of digitalization in stream generation systems, as well as their shortcomings in existing Industrial Ethernet solutions, which were addressed using a new innovative approach. In addition, such solutions are often limited in their flexibility. However, these aspects are becoming increasingly important in the future. Existing control systems are characterized, as a rule, by branched hierarchical structures, and the quality of their functioning is assessed according to vector criteria. Such systems include the national economy as a whole, its branches, industrial enterprises, information systems, targeted programs in various subject and applied areas. It should also be noted that from the point of view of the system approach, any systematization is a fragment of a more general hierarchy of such systems. Automation of control processes and their analysis of modern complex control systems more and more often uses hierarchical models, which makes the problem of their development and research more relevant today. The method proposed by the authors for solving such problems does not seem unnecessarily cumbersome, since it is necessary not only to automate processes at each level, but also to carry out interlevel control. The conclusion is that none of the existing solutions is suitable for meeting the challenges of the future regarding scalability, flexibility or reliability. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/18 https://doi.org/10.61413/ytyh2407 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 80-85 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ytyh2407 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/19 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

INDIRECT INK TRANSFER FOR OFFSET PRINTING, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ROUGHNESS OF THE OFFSET PRINTING PLATE SURFACE ALIYEV, Eldar KHALILOV, Isa ISMAILOVA, Shabnam offset printing contact area roughness deckle ink transfer This article is devoted to the study of the influence of the surface roughness of an offset printing plate on the form-decal contact and deckle-printed material. Taking into account the deepening of micro protrusions of the surface roughness of the printing plate into the body of the deckle, which lead to additional displacements and deformation of the deckle, the amount of ink on the surface of the form is determined. The separation and transition of the paint layer in the contact zone has been studied. It has been established that the ink layer located in the free space of the roughness of the surface of the printing plate is also involved in the transfer of ink. The proposed method of indirect ink transfer in offset printing allows you to determine more accurate values of consumables in the design of printing processes, also predict the quality of printed prints, determine the runtime of printing plates, and correctly configure the printing machine before the printing process. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/19 https://doi.org/10.61413/ztqb7024 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 71-79 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ztqb7024 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/20 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

A CONSTANT VOLUMETRIC-FAILURE-STRAIN EROSION FOR DETERMINING THE EFFECT OF INERTIA AND STRAIN RATE ON THE CRUSHING STRENGTH OF A CELLULAR CONCRETE AKYOL, Burak GÜDEN, Mustafa Autoclaved aerated concrete modelling compressive strength inertia strain rate The effect of inertia and strain rate on the failure of a cellular autoclaved aerated concrete (600 kg m-3) was investigated using MAT_096 material model together with a constant volumetric-failure-strain erosion criterion in the LSDYNA. A rate insensitive, constant compressive yield stress, and a rate sensitive, variable compressive yield stress, model were implemented and the results of models were compared with those of experimental compression tests conducted at similar strain rates, between 2x10-3 s-1 and ~4150 s-1. Results have shown an “s-type” compressive strength relation with strain rate, broadly composing of three distinct regions: a lower-velocity-dependent-strength region at the quasi-static velocities, a higher-velocity-dependent-strength region at intermediate velocities and again a lower-velocity-dependent-strength region above ~1150 s-1. In experimentally tested samples, a shock fracture strength was presumed to be reached in the higher velocity-dependent strength region, resulting in a cut-off DIF value (2.78), while in numerically tested samples, the compressive strength increased with increasing strain rate in the third region. One dimensional state of strain condition above a critical velocity was also shown numerically. The stress triaxiality increased to 0.66 between 1 and 30 m s-1, reaching a fully constraint 1D state of strain condition above 30 m s-1. In accord with this, the numerical failure mode, as with that of experiments, switched from an axial- to a radial-dominated cracking after ~20 m s-1. Finally, the strain rate dependent compressive strength was numerically shown as partly arising due to the change of deformation state from a 1D state of stress to a 1D state of strain and partly due to the intrinsic rate sensitivity of cellular concrete. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/20 https://doi.org/10.61413/nwta8298 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 54-70 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/nwta8298 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/21 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

COMPARATIVE SERVICE LIFE ANALYSIS FOR WORM GEARS ACCORDING TO DIFFERENT FAILURE CRITERIA CHALABI, Iftikhar Worm gear service life failure pitting tooth breakage wear In this paper, a comparative analysis of the service life of worm gear wheels for various failure criteria is carried out. Based on this analysis, a method is proposed for selecting the worm gear wheel material, the values of the modulus, on which the bending strength of the teeth depends. Research has shown that increasing the bending strength of teeth is of great practical importance, both for one-sided and two-sided loads. This also makes it possible to significantly increase the lifetime of one-side loaded gear wheels by replacing their working flanks with non-working ones. it was proposed to replace the working surfaces of the teeth of worm wheels after a certain service life. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/21 https://doi.org/10.61413/nyjq6380 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 44-53 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/nyjq6380 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/22 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

FEATURES OF PROCESSING AND ASSEMBLY OF COMPOSITE PRODUCTS DERYABIN, Igor GUZEEV, Viktor KOZLOV, Alexander ARDASHEV, Dmitrii assembly technology sector parts dihedral angle control conditions for gapless connection of three sectors The paper examines the assembling of cylindrical products consisting of sector parts with dihedral angles. A crucial issue in the assembly of such parts is the accuracy of dihedral angles during processing. Based on methods of analytical geometry, we proved that in order to achieve gapless assembly of three sectors, the sum of all dihedral angles of the sectors should be less than or equal to 360°. Since it is impossible to ensure the exact equality of the sum of all dihedral angles of 360°, characteristic “flatness deviation” is always formed during assembly. In order t obtain a gapless connection, we propose a new method for the selective assembly of sectors and developed a scheme of the dihedral angle controller. This selective assembly method will allow sectors to be selected in such a way that their “twist” angle in the assembled conditions is minimal. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/22 https://doi.org/10.61413/iwwe8712 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 37-43 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/iwwe8712 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/23 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

ON THE MATRIX GENERALIZATION OF THE THEORY OF MACHINING ACCURACY YUSUBOV, Nizami ABBASOVA, Heyran DADASHOV, Ramil SALMANOV, Ibrahim matrix generalization of the theory of accuracy turning distortion models models of scattering fields performed dimensions coordinate displacements of the technological system compliance matrix of technological system machining error The article provides a matrix generalization of distortion models and scattering fields of dimensions performed during turning with a spatial arrangement of the tool, taking into account the simultaneous action of all components of the cutting forces of the setting tool and elastic deformations of the technological system in all coordinate directions. A full-factor model of dimension distortion for single-carriage adjustment has been developed, which allows taking into account not only plane-parallel movements of technological subsystems, but also their angular movements around base points. Thus, the Eq. developed for the total displacement vectors is proposed to be taken as the basis for a full-factor model of the machining error. The presented analytical models describe only plane-parallel displacements of contacting bodies. It is shown that in order to take into account the whole complex of displacements in them, i.e. and angular displacements, it is sufficient to replace the plane-parallel displacement vectors of each contacting body. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/23 https://doi.org/10.61413/ljwc3238 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 23-36 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ljwc3238 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/24 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

RESEARCH OF RECIPROCATING SPEED OF THE RODS SUSPENSION POINT IN THE LOW-SPEED OPERATION MODE OF THE MECHANICAL TRANSMISSION OF THE NEW CONSTRUCTIVE SOLUTION OF THE SUCKER-ROD PUMP AHMEDOV, Beyali KHALILOV, Isa HAJIYEV, Anar pumping unit plunger kinetic energy reciprocating speed operation mode The article investigates the problem of determining the number of swings of the rods suspension point of the new constructive solution of the sucker-rod pumping unit in the low-speed operation mode. It was determined that this small value of the speed causes a decrease in the maximum kinetic energy caused by the mechanical transmission of the rod well pump, and therefore, considering this energy parameter of the system as an analyzed parameter is of great practical importance. Therefore, in the article, as a criterion for the low-speed operation mode, a comparison of the maximum kinetic energy of the pumping unit and the useful energy spent on lifting of the liquid from the well was proposed. It was determined that with the increase in the diameter of the plunger, the useful energy used on lifting the liquid from the well increases, and accordingly, the share of kinetic energies in the total used energy balance increases accordingly. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/24 https://doi.org/10.61413/mkcj8085 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 16-22 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/mkcj8085 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/25 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2022-2

FINITE DIFFERENCE METHOD FOR STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS: EULER-BERNOULLI BEAM ON WINKLER FOUNDATION AND VIBRATING MOTION OF SINGLE DEGREE OF FREEDOM SYSTEM TEKİN, Gülçin KADIOĞLU, Fethi Finite-difference method Beam-foundation interaction Vibration Numerical solution Analytical Solution The Finite Difference Method (FDM) is one of the most powerful numerical solution techniques and has the ability to handle most types of analysis in structural mechanics. In this study, examples of physical modeling of vibrational motion of a single-degree-of-freedom-system (SDOF) under the effect of a harmonic external load are examined by considering the effects of different system parameters. In its simplest form, the problem is represented by a second order differential equation with constant coefficient. The relevant equation is solved analytically and at the same time, the compatibility of the results is tested using the finite-difference method. In addition, the analysis of the beam resting on the elastic foundation is considered. The analytical solution of the fourth order differential equation is obtained and the finite-difference method is used in order to obtain its numerical solution. Different numerical example problems are considered for the above mentioned two problems and the results are tested with the existing literature. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/25 https://doi.org/10.61413/vesp9967 Machine Science, Vol. 10, No. 2, (2022), pp. 4-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/vesp9967 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/26 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

ANALYSIS OF TACTION TRANSMISSION OF RAILWAY VEHICLES AND THEIR DYNAMIC CHARACTERISTICS HUSEYNOV, Ilham Railway train locomotive wagon innovative transmission reducer dynamics model gear In the article, traction transmissions of railway vehicles, which are an important component of the transport industry, are studied. Dynamic events in the functional chain, as the main factors that ensure the structural condition of the main parts of the mechanical system, the longevity of the system, effective measures to improve the operation of the service, effective measures to improve the performance of the structures, the operation of improved structures, the in-depth determination of maintenance and repair technologies, as well as the service outstanding features. The relevance of technical quality assessment is justified by the development of an innovative model. The condition, construction and operation of modern traction drives are explained. Experimental studies are underway and have strong implications for transmission control. With the device that checks the possibilities of using defectoscopic methods, the cases that caused rejections were determined. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/26 https://doi.org/10.61413/ssgt4613 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023) info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ssgt4613 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/27 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

RESEARCH OF THE INTERACTION IMPACT FEATURES OF THE COTTON WICKS WHILE HITTING THE GRATES IN THE COTTON GINNING MACHINES KARIMOV, Husnu cotton wick extraneous impurities grate deformation impact force During the cleaning process of the raw cotton, in the saw drum and grate network zone of the cotton ginning machines, the cotton mass is being subjected to the mechanical impact. At this moment, when the cotton wicks hit the grates, the cotton seed is mechanically being damaged and free fibers are being formed. When the cotton seed is mechanically damaged, its maturity decreases, and the formation of free fibers reduces the curvature/spinning ability of the fiber. Keeping the natural quality indicators of raw cotton and taking into account its physical and mechanical features, there is a great demand to conduct theoretical studies and researches for designing new machines. Taking into consideration the elastic properties of cotton wicks during their impact on the grate, the formulas revealing the movement speed of wicks and recovery of wicks coefficient were determined. The article reveals the possibility of prevention the cotton elements from damage by determining the interaction characteristics of cotton wicks with grates and by adjusting the technological parameters to the equipment before processing. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/27 https://doi.org/10.61413/lueb6352 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 81-86 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/lueb6352 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/28 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

STRUCTURAL SYNTHESIS OF SERIAL SPHERICAL MANIPULATORS ALAKBAROV, Allahverdi Serial spherical manipulator end effector spherical structural groups structural synthesis mobility analysis Serial manipulators are a serial of links connected by joints. The manipulator is called serial, because the drives of this manipulator are arranged in series, one after the other. Most often, the drives of the sequential manipulator are located on jointes or are coordinated with the joint. All links, the base, as well as the executive link, make up the kinematic chain of the manipulator. Serial manipulators have a large working area, it is much larger than the working area of parallel manipulators, which allows them to work with large parts, which undoubtedly increases the area in which the manipulator is capable of working. Mass-produced robots typically have six joints because at least six degrees of freedom are required to place a controlled object in an arbitrary position and orientation in the robot's workspace. The inverse kinematics of sequential manipulators with six rotary joints and with three consecutive intersecting joints can be solved in closed form, i.e. analytically This result had a huge impact on the design of industrial robots. This section provides a unified work for the calculation of the mobility and constraints in a general over constraint spherical manipulators based on spherical serial manipulator plus the different spherical structural groups with two, three and four classes. The results of the section can be considered by knowledges of structural groups with general constraint three constructed to the serial spherical manipulator with 3DoF. The 3DoF serial spherical manipulators represent as a series of 1DoF revolute joints with the axises intersecting in the center of sphere. Three illustrative examples showcasing the method are presented. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/28 https://doi.org/10.61413/wdhy6534 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 76-80 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/wdhy6534 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/29 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

INVESTIGATION OF OPTIMAL CONTROL OF VARIABLE SYSTEMS IN THE DYNAMIC SPECTRUM Artemyev, Victor Medvedev, Artem Yaroshevich, Victor numerical integration methods approximation methods and stabilization methods for systems of difference equations The article presents a study of systems of difference equations, their role and application in modeling and analysis of dynamical systems in various fields. The purpose of the work is to analyze and develop methods for solving difference equations with a special emphasis on their application in automation and mechanics. Difference equations are mathematical models describing the evolution of variables in a discrete time space. Their study allows for a deeper understanding of complex dynamic processes and effective modeling of systems of diverse nature. The paper presents an overview of various methods of analysis and solution of difference equations. Numerical integration methods, approximation methods and stabilization methods of systems of difference equations are considered. Special attention is paid to the properties of stability, convergence and controllability of such systems. The results of the study contribute to a deep understanding of the dynamics of systems of difference equations and the development of effective numerical methods for their solution. The solution of difference equations is widely used in automatic control, robotics, aviation, mechatronics and other industries. It plays an important role in modeling and controlling various systems, including electromechanical systems, robots, autopilots, automation processes, and others. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/29 https://doi.org/10.61413/ywxa4379 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 68-75 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ywxa4379 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/30 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

KINEMATIC CALCULATION OF VARIABLE CURVATURE FIST MECHANISM WITH CONVEX PROFILE IMANOV, Ahmad profile punch flat pusher speed momentum punch mechanism impact radius of curvature In order to take into account more boundary conditions, a new modified equation was obtained to establish the profile of the fist by adding a constant to the equation obtained from the solution of the differential equation of curvature (i.e., - convex profile surface as a special case). Based on this equation, the expression defining the movement of the pusher based on the rotation angle of the fist was deduced. The kinematic report of the punching mechanism was performed on the basis of a modified formula. During the kinematic calculations, it was found that there are no jumps in the displacement, velocity and acceleration diagrams of the pusher, that is, the mechanism works smoothly. In order to verify that the curvature takes a negative value along the profile, the equation of the curvature was deduced, its graph was plotted and its accuracy was confirmed. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/30 https://doi.org/10.61413/bnow4470 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 61-67 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/bnow4470 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/31 2026-08-13 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

THEORETICAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF AN ALGORITHMIC UNIFIED COMPLEX OF MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF CUTTING FORCES YUSUBOV, Nizami ABBASOVA, Heyran DADASHOV, Ramil Multi-tool machining Multi-tool adjustment Systematics of machining schemes empirical and analytical models cutting force models mathematical models of cutting forces In the article for practical application within the framework of creating a matrix theory of accuracy of multi-tool machining for a range of multi-tool adjustments (tool setups) of previously developed models of machining error, the necessity of dependence of the coordinate components of cutting forces on technological factors is shown. (parameters of cutting conditions, strength properties of the material being machined, deformation properties of the technological system, etc.). For this purpose, the tasks of cutting force models are established, a systematics of machining schemes used on modern lathes is carried out, highlighting two schemes for the formation of a machined surface (trajectory and profile), and the principles for developing cutting force models are given. Thus, the development of an algorithmic unified complex of mathematical models of cutting forces is substantiated, taking into account the introduced systematics of machining schemes according to the mechanism of formation of the machined surface. Azerbaijan Technical University 2026-08-13 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/31 https://doi.org/10.61413/pydj5288 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 55-60 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/pydj5288 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/32 2023-05-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECT OF STRAIN RATE ON THE CRUSHING STRENGTH OF A CELLULAR CONCRETE AKYOL, Burak GÜDEN, Mustafa TAŞDEMİRCİ, Alper NAMAZOV, Subhan Autoclaved aerated concrete Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar direct impact compressive strength indentation confinement inertia The strain rate dependent compressive strength of an autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) having a density of 600 kg m-3 was experimentally investigated between quasistatic and high strain rates (2x10-3-~4150 s-1) through quasi-static and dynamic compression, confined compression and indentation tests. High strain rate equilibrium and direct impact non-equilibrium compression tests in conjunction with the high strain rate confined compression and indentation tests were conducted in a compression Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. The experimental results showed two different regions of the compressive strength-dependency on the strain rate: a low-strain rate-dependent region from quasi-static to ~18 s-1 and a high-strain rate-dependent region from ~18 s-1 to ~1000 s-1. The switch of the failure mode from the single axial cracking at quasi-static strain rates to the extensive axial and circumferential cracking at increasing strain rates was ascribed to both the axial and radial inertia. The dynamic increased factor (DIF=dynamic strength/static strength) showed an abrupt increase after ~18 s-1 as similar with the compressive strength. The mean confined and indentation strength values also increased as the velocity increased, while the mean confined compression strength values were shown to be comparable with the dynamic compressive strength values. The inertia and strain rate contributions to the enhancement of DIF until about 1000 s-1 were predicted by taking the quasi-static indentation strength as the full confinement strength. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-05-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/32 https://doi.org/10.61413/ftxi2310 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 4-21 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ftxi2310 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/33 2023-05-02 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

MODEL OF MACHINING PROCESS CONTROL ON MULTI-TOOL SINGLE-CARRIAGE ADJUSTMENTS YUSUBOV, Nizami ABBASOVA, Heyran control model multi-tool machining multi-tool single-carriage adjustment machining productivity predetermined dimensional accuracy scattering fields matrix model of accuracy. Based on the developed models, the article reveals the degree of influence on the machining accuracy of a complex of technological factors, including the structure of a multi-tool single-carriage adjustment, the deformation properties of the subsystems of the technological system, cutting conditions. A number of ways to control multi-tool single-carriage machining based on the developed accuracy models are shown, including improvements in the structure of multi-tool single-carriage adjustment, calculations of limiting cutting conditions. The developed control models make it possible to predict the accuracy of machining for given conditions, including such technological components as the adjustment structure, properties of the technological system, machining conditions, thereby creating a methodological base for CAD for multi-tool single-carriage machining. They can serve as a basis for developing a digital twin model of the process. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-05-02 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/33 https://doi.org/10.61413/ivod1579 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 22-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/ivod1579 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/34 2023-05-29 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

INVESTIGATION OF WEAR-RESISTANT MATERIALS WORKING UNDER SHOCK-ABRASIVE WEAR CONDITIONS AND TEST CONDITIONS NAMAZOV, Subhan TAGHIYEV, Taleh MASHAYEV, Shahin structure carbon shock-abrasive composition material sintering wear resistance. During operation, static and dynamic loads, as well as various types of friction and wear, can simultaneously act on parts of machines and mechanisms. In these cases, as a rule, the problem of ensuring the wear resistance of parts is secondary, since, first of all, it is necessary to give structural elements strength, to exclude destruction and crushing. However, for a more significant increase in the service life of parts, it is necessary to apply comprehensive measures that allow solving these problems together. The mechanism of impact-abrasive wear of materials is primarily determined by their chemical composition and structure. A study of the nature of wear of hardened iron-carbon rolled steels shows that with a change in carbon concentration, the mechanism of impact-abrasive wear also changes. With an increase in the carbon content, the hardness of the metal increases, the depth of the holes from the introduction of the abrasive gradually decreases, however, the wear changes according to a more complex relationship: it decreases with an increase in the carbon concentration to 0.7 + 0.8%, and with a higher content, it increases. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-05-29 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/34 https://doi.org/10.61413/haxg9390 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 28-35 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/haxg9390 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/35 2023-05-16 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

MATHEMATICAL MODELS OF CUTTING FORCES IN TURNING OPERATIONS GUZEEV, Viktor DERYABIN, Igor ARDASHEV, Dmitrii cutting forces contour turning unstable force load on technological system. The paper considers a variant of the predictive determination of the cutting force components for non-free cutting when turning. It is established that both the process of plastic deformation and the process of friction on back surfaces adjacent to main and auxiliary cutting edges of the tool influence the magnitude and direction of a cutting force component. The resulting force is defined as the vector sum of the forces that occur on the main and auxiliary cutting edges. We propose to determine the cutting force direction in non-free cutting as a vector in the direction of chip flow relative to the main cutting edge. The cutting process photography fixes the inclination angle of the chip flow. It is confirmed that in free cutting, the direction of chip flow is perpendicular to the main cutting edge. Contour turning on CNC lathes is accompanied by a change in the direction of feed motion resulting in a change in the main and auxiliary kinematic angles of the cutting tool. An increase in the active length of the main cutting edge in this situation leads to an increase in the contact area of the back surface of the main cutting edge with the workpiece surface, and, consequently, to an increase in the friction component of force, acting on the main cutting edge. Experimental measurement of the cutting force components makes it possible to determine the degree of influence of the force components associated with both the process of plastic deformation of the work material and the process of friction on the back surfaces adjacent to the main and auxiliary cutting edges of the tool. The obtained analytical dependences express the functional relationship between the elements of the cutting modes, the geometric parameters of the cutters, the degree of wear, the shape of the workpiece surface, and physical and mechanical properties of the work material. A large set of parameters included in the formulas for determining the components of the cutting force allows adequate monitoring the nature of the force interaction of the elements in the technological system when processing parts. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-05-16 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/35 https://doi.org/10.61413/kznc2821 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 36-45 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/kznc2821 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/36 2023-06-03 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-1

PROCESSING OF TIME SIGNALS IN A DISCRETE TIME DOMAIN ARTEMYEV, Victor MOKRUSHIN, Sergey SAVOSTIN, Sergey MEDVEDEV, Artem PANKOV, Vitaly temporary domain discrete form transformations geometric progression difference equation. This article is devoted to the processing of time signals in a discrete time domain. Time signals are the main object of analysis in many areas, such as signal processing, communication, control and much more. Today, for efficient signal processing, it is necessary to use methods adapted to the discrete time domain, using the Z-transform method to solve difference equations in the discrete time domain. The Z-transform method is a powerful and most effective tool for analyzing and solving difference equations, widely used in control systems, signal processing and other fields. The main steps of applying the Z-transformation method are also presented, starting from the formulation of the difference equation to obtaining a solution in the original time domain. Special attention is paid to the Z-transformation process, where the difference equation turns into an algebraic equation with respect to the Z operator. The basic properties of the Z-transformation and the operations with them necessary for the successful application of the method are described. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-06-03 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/36 https://doi.org/10.61413/frcr4965 Machine Science, No. 1, (2023), pp. 46-54 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/frcr4965 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/37 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

THE EFFECTS OF PARTICLE SIZE AND TEMPERATURE ON THE STABILITY AND LOCAL STRUCTURAL EVOLUTIONS OF AMORPHOUS BULK AND NANOPARTICLES OF THE FeNI3 ALLOYS MEKHRABOV, Amdulla IRMAK, Ece A. AKDENİZ, M. Vedat Fe-Ni Amorphous Bulk and Nanoparticles Modelling and Simulations Molecular dynamics Embedded atom model The effects of particle size (2-6 nm) and temperature (300-1900 K) on the stability and local structural evolutions of amorphous bulk and nanoparticles of the FeNi3 alloys have been studied by using classical molecular dynamics (MD) simulation method combined with embedded atom model (EAM) in Large-scale Atomic/Molecular Massively Parallel Simulator (LAMMPS). The nanoparticles were obtained from the unstable amorphous bulk FeNi3 alloys. MD simulations have been performed for glassy FeNi3 intermetallic alloy by making use of pairwise interatomic interaction potentials and electron densities calculated via EAM method. The formation and evolution of structures and their stability have been analyzed at a wide temperature range (300-1900 K) by calculating radial distribution functions (RDF), interatomic distances (ID), coordination numbers (CN), core-to-surface concentration profiles, as well as Voronoi analysis. According to the results, although some deviations in the structural properties occurred during the heat treatment, the amorphous nanoparticles exhibited the same crystal structure and local atomic configuration with its bulk counterpart at room temperature. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/37 https://doi.org/10.61413/cead8914 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 5-19 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/cead8914 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/38 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

FUNCTION GENERATION OF A WATT II TYPE PLANAR MECHANISM WITH PRISMATIC OUTPUT USING DECOMPOSITION AND CORRECTION METHOD KIPER, Gökhan Function generation decomposition and correction method planar Watt II mechanism with prismatic output The method of decomposition is a useful method for function generation with multi-loop mechanisms. The recently introduced correction methods applied together with the method of decomposition allows the designer to cancel out the errors in the first loop of a two-loop mechanism with the errors in the second loop. In this study, the decomposition and correction method is applied for a Watt II type planar six-link mechanism with prismatic output. Five design parameters are defined for each loop resulting in ten design parameters in total. The design parameters are determined analytically. The generation error is decreased by adjusting free parameters such as the limits of the some joint angles and parameters due to the decomposition of the function to be generated, while considering several constraints such as link lengths ratios and ranges of the joint variables. The success of the method is illustrated with a numerical example. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/38 https://doi.org/10.61413/svmw4749 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 20-27 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/svmw4749 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/39 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

EVALUATION OF THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE NEW MODEL OF SUCKER-ROD PUMPING UNIT AHMEDOV, Beyali KHALILOV, Isa HAJIYEV, Anar oil pumping unit efficiency balancing electric motor As is known, in world, oil production is carried out both in the sea and in oil fields on land. For the mechanized exploitation of oil fields on land, in most cases used different type of sucker-rod pumps. The main object of the study of the article is a new constructive solution of the pumping unit, the novelty of which is approved by the ownership certificates. The main factor characterizing the operation of pumping units is its quality indicators such as metal consumption, reliability, efficiency and energy consumption. When switching from a balanced sucker-rod pumping unit to an unbalanced the efficiency factor decreases from 0.834 to 0.65 and the operating power factor decreases from 0.605 to 0.312. In this case, power losses increase sharply not only in transmissions, but also in energy distribution networks. If the engine is not fully loaded or is not selected correctly, then these energy coefficients decrease even more. The selection of engine power is performed according to the worst conditions, i.e. the cyclic mode of operation of an unbalanced pumping unit. Despite this, it can be said that in almost all oil fields, the power of asynchronous motors is greatly exaggerated, which causes additional losses. In article proposed expressions for determining the optimal power of the electric motor were proposed, taking into account the efficiency factor of the balancing device during the balancing of the proposed new constructive solution of the beamless pumping unit with a combined, movable counter weights and rotary counter weights. This allows to prevent excess energy consumption and reduce energy costs. Which is very important in the era of globalization, when energy prices are rising sharply. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/39 https://doi.org/10.61413/dovz1701 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 28-39 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/dovz1701 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/40 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

TOPOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OPTIMIZATION AND KINEMATIC PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF 3-RRR PLANAR PARALLEL MANIPULATOR XU, Ke SHEN, Huiping DENG, Jiaming SHEN, Yunyu parallel mechanism direct kinematics structure coupling-reducing performance analysis The typical 3-RRR planar parallel manipulator with two translations and one rotation has extensive applications such as plane location and motion transfer. But it suffers two disadvantages. One is its analytical direct kinematics is difficult to be got and another is not input-output motion decoupled. This paper focuses on its topological structure optimization and resulting kinematic performance improvementt. First, the coupling degree of this manipulator is calculated being k=1. Second, based on structure coupling-reducing principle, its coupling-reduced manipulator with zero coupling degree is designed, which not only leads to be easy to get its analytic direct kinematic solutions, but also makes input-output motion partially decoupled. Moreover, based on workspace and singularity of this coupling-reduced manipulator, comprehensive comparison of two manipulators before and after coupling-reducing showed that the main performances of structure coupling-reduced manipulator are superior than that of the typical mechanism. The work shows that structure coupling-reducing is effective method for optimization of topology structure. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/40 https://doi.org/10.61413/gyub1233 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 40-51 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/gyub1233 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/41 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

HYBRID DIMENSIONAL SYNTHESIS OF PLANAR MECHANISMS FOR THE COMBINATION OF FINITE POSITIONS AND PATH-POINTS MÜLLER, Mario HÖRTER, Esther HÜSING, Mathias CORVES, Burkhard Dimensional Synthesis Planar Mechanisms Finite Position Path-Point The combination of the established synthesis methods for finite positions and path-points leads to a hybrid dimensional synthesis method that is presented within this paper. This hybrid method combines the advantages of the established synthesis methods so that an adjustable definition of a synthesis task as well as a high performance of the algorithm can be ensured. To realize this combination, the established algorithms have to be modified as shown within this paper. Depending on the synthesis task and its degree of freedom, a solution can be found analytically or numerically. Both of these algorithms as well as the algorithm for the calculation of the synthesis degree of freedom is treated in this contribution. The shown approaches are validated by two examples. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/41 https://doi.org/10.61413/xfoh8224 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 52-61 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/xfoh8224 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/42 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

RELIABILITY ANALYSIS OF THE HOUSING-COVER CONNECTIONS OF PARALLEL-SHAFT REDUCERS CHALABI, Iftikhar parallel-shaft reducers reliability threaded connections endurance joint density Violation of the density between the housing and the cover of gear reducers can lead to gaps, noise and impacts from gear engagement, an increase in the load on the teeth, and in many cases, to their failure. Therefore, the presented report assessed the reliability of bolted connection connecting the housing and the cover of parallel-shaft reducers according to various failure criteria. It was found that the probability of a violation of the density between the parts is many times higher than the probability of loss of bolt strength. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/42 https://doi.org/10.61413/gvav1993 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 62-69 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/gvav1993 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/43 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

EFFECT OF GAMMA IRRADIATION ON ELECTRICAL AND PHOTOELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF Cd1-xMnxTe THIN FILMS MEHRABOVA, Metanet MEKHRABOV, Amdulla AIIBVI compounds CdMnTe electrical and photoelectrical properties γ-ray irradiation AIIB VI groups of compound semiconductors, their solid solutions, bulk and thin films on their base have wide application possibilities in modern microelectronics. Creation of photosensitive elements and structures on the base of these semiconductors and investigations of their usage potentials in various fields of optoelectronics is one of the most actual problems of modern materials science and engineering. Recently, AII(TM= Mn, Fe, Co, etc)BVI based semimagnetic semiconductors (SMSC) compounds has attracted increasing interest since they considered a promising material for the fabrication of high-performance roomtemperature γ- and x-ray detectors. Such detectors offer great potential for nonproliferation applications, medical imaging, astrophysics research, and monitoring industrial processes, because they are able to operate at ambient temperatures, while providing a high detection efficiency and good energy resolution. The aim of the work is to determine of photosensitivity range of Cd1-xMnxTe SMSC thin films, to investigate their sensitivity to γ- irradiation and to study the creation possibility of γ- ray detectors on the base these thin films. In these respect, VAC and photoconductivity, as well as effect of γ- ray irradiation on these properties has been studied. Results of current investigation reveal that, Cd1-xMnxTe (x=0.07) epitaxial films of compounds are sensitive to γ-ray irradiation, indicating that these materials can be considered as a good candidate for γ-ray detector applications. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/43 https://doi.org/10.61413/gdkv8772 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 70-77 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/gdkv8772 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/44 2023-12-15 openaire issue:machine-science-2023-2

SOLAR PANELS CONTAMINATION DETECTION USING CNN NAJAFLI, Javad IMAMVERDIYEV, Yadigar CNN solar panels green energy artificial intelligence contamination detection Solar panels, as an important source of renewable energy, are exposed to external factors such as dust accumulation and environmental pollution, which reduces their efficiency. To ensure timely cleaning of panels from contamination, monitoring of their condition is required. Monitoring can be carried out directly by a person or using visual detectors. This paper examines the second case, namely the use of AI to assess panel contamination. The AI used to assess the condition of the panels may be trained on images captured by cameras with a different resolution than the surveillance system in which it is embedded, which may result in the AI's inability to produce results under new conditions. This work evaluates the impact of changing the quality of images processed by AI on its effectiveness. To do this, a CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) model was used and a set of images of clean and dirty solar panels was taken, followed by their separation by resolution. The model was trained on a set of images of one quality and tested on others, and this approach was applied for each resolution. As results were obtained, elements from other sets were added to each set to stabilize the training of the neural network. During the work, the importance of using images of different qualities for training a neural network was assessed, as well as the minimum set to prevent overtraining due to the lack of quality differences. Taking into account the results obtained, it is possible to prevent the creation of inflexible neural networks, as well as save on using the minimum required data to stabilize training. Azerbaijan Technical University 2023-12-15 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/44 https://doi.org/10.61413/gwsf2147 Machine Science, No. 2, (2023), pp. 78-85 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/gwsf2147 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/45 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

INTEGRATED CHARACTERIZATION OF TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM COMPLIANCE YUSUBOV, Nizami ARDASHEV, Dmitriy ABBASOVA, Heyran Comprehensive compliance characteristic technological subsystem compliance matrix angular compliance static and dynamic stiffness CNC diagnostics This paper introduces the concept of a comprehensive compliance characteristic for technological systems in metal-cutting operations. Within a full-factor model that accounts for all spatial constraints acting on a body under load, the elastic properties of deformable constraints are represented by a generalized compliance matrix. This matrix reflects not only the intrinsic elastic properties of a subsystem but also the setup parameters, including the position of the cutting force application point relative to the subsystem reference point. For a decomposed technological system, each subsystem is assigned its own compliance matrix. The complete compliance characteristic of the system is defined by a set of such matrices, the number of which depends on the number of supports in the setup. It is shown that, for practical implementation, it is sufficient to determine two basic matrices: the compliance matrix for translational displacements and the angular compliance matrix for rotational displacements. Each matrix element represents the displacement component along a specific coordinate direction caused by a unit force or moment applied along a given axis. An experimental method for determining static matrix compliance characteristics is proposed. The method is based on applying three linearly independent forces (or moments) and measuring the resulting translational and angular displacements. Solving the corresponding matrix equations yields all elements of the required compliance matrices. Approaches for dynamic and statistical evaluation are also considered. Modal analysis is identified as an effective tool for dynamic characterization, while a production-based method adapted to matrix representation enables operational assessment directly under cutting conditions on modern CNC machines. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/45 https://doi.org/10.61413/nvdn2284 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 4-10 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/nvdn2284 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/46 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

DESIGN OF PARAMETRIC HOLE MILLING CYCLES ON CNC MACHINES GUZEEV, Viktor FILATOV, Alexander MOROZOV, Alexey ARDASHEV, Dmitry DEGTYAREVA-KASHUTINA, Anastasia parametric milling cycle G-code end milling CNC machine The paper describes the stages of designing a technological cycle, which implements milling the holes with an end mill. We also present the developed CONICALINT software, which generates a G-code with an argument list for calling a technological cycle from the CNC system memory. The developed algorithm for the technological cycle of milling holes with an end mill has a branched structure, since there is a choice between two methods for calculating the internal parameters of the cycle and two milling methods: down cutting or up cutting. The calculation of the internal parameters of the technological cycle consists of calculating the coordinates of the points necessary to construct the helical path of the cutting tool, as well as calculating the value of the maximum permissible value of the helical pitch within a given set of input parameters. The initial data for the calculation are represented by thirteen parameters characterizing the geometry of the cutting tool, the geometry of the desired machined surface, as well as parameters defining the milling method, the calculation method, the cutting mode and the starting points of the cutting tool path. There are eight boundary conditions that determine the acceptable values of the input parameters. Based on these conditions, a system of inequalities is designed with a set of error messages to the user in case of incorrect input of the value of any input parameter. The developed G-code of the technological cycle subroutine for a CNC machine makes it possible to calculate the tool motion, both along helical and conical helical paths, depending on the input parameters. So, you can use it when programming milling of cylindrical and conical holes. The developed CONICALINT software is a visual addition to the developed technological cycle of milling holes that allow you to generate a control G-code with a list of twelve arguments. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/46 https://doi.org/10.61413/utpu9024 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 11-23 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/utpu9024 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/47 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

GROWTH DYNAMICS OF STEEL PRODUCTION USING INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES (overview) MAMMADOV, Arif ISMAYILOV, Nizami BABAYEV, Agil HUSEYNOV, Mukhtar ALIYEV, Ilham new realities metallized iron steel production main trends statistical indicators In the conditions of new realities, the main trends of the transition to innovative technologies in the world metallurgical industry, including steel production, were analyzed. The importance of using metallized iron in steel production is justified. The state of steel production in the world's leading countries was evaluated based on modern literature sources and statistical indicators. The main features of the transformation that will lead to the correction of the strategic development vector of the ferrous metallurgy industry in the conditions of tough competition and protection policy have been determined. It has been shown that despite the slow progress of the decarbonization process in the world metallurgical production, strategic orientations are aimed at the application of technological innovations and preservation of social and environmental priorities. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/47 https://doi.org/10.61413/qmrr2817 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 24-35 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/qmrr2817 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/48 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

ANALYSIS OF ERRORS OCCURRING DURING TOOTH MILLING OPERATIONS AND TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEM FACTORS AFFECTING THE ACCURACY OF TOOTH PROCESSING PASHKOV, Michael AVVAKUMOV, Ilya ABBASOVA, Heyran SHABİYEV, Elgun ABBASOVA, Irada The article discusses the issues of determining and analyzing errors in the formation of gears by gear hobbing in the conditions of large-scale machine-building production. An analysis of some errors was carried out. The work identified the following main types of errors that arise during the machining of gears: radial, tangential, axial, producing surfaces. Each of these types has been analyzed in sufficient detail, and a table of the influence of errors in the technological system on the main parameters of the producing surface of the tool has been compiled. In addition, the work analyzes and systematizes the factors of the technological system that affect the accuracy of the formation of gears. All errors are considered in one small period of time and then approximated in time. This approach avoids the problem of heterogeneity of errors. Thus, a generalized universal model of the structure of machine errors is formed. Next, by obtaining mathematical models for each error, a model of the errors of the technological system is formed. The article provides a classification of hob gear cutters. Here we distinguish involute, convolute and Archimedean cutters. The article states that the errors in the relative positions of each conjugated point of the generating and machined contours are composed of: a) errors in the relative position of the tool and the workpiece in space, created by inaccuracies in the manufacture and setup of the machine and fixtures, as well as inaccuracies in the rolling movements; b) errors in the profile of the generating contour (tool) itself. It is indicated that in the manufacture of gears using the profile copying method, the errors of the tool itself and the location of the tool and the workpiece on the machine, the geometric accuracy and rigidity of the machine are of greatest importance. When machining gears using the rolling method, the kinematic and dynamic accuracy of the machine increases. An analytical dependence is provided - a formula - that considers a combination of factors affecting the accuracy of the tooth profile to varying degrees. The provisions put forward in this work in terms of accounting and systematization of gear machining errors play an important role. In conclusion, the article provides recommendations for improving the quality of processing of gear teeth, as well as constructing a three-dimensional model of the interaction of three elements of the technological system: machine - hob gear cutter - workpiece. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/48 https://doi.org/10.61413/mrkd7906 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 36-45 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/mrkd7906 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/49 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF THE APPLICATION OF THE DYNAMIC PROGRAMMING METHOD IN OPTIMAL CONTROL PROBLEMS ARTEMYEV, Viktor MOKROVA, Natalia HAJIYEV, Anar dynamic programming mathematical model object control system behavior The article examines the dynamic programming method based on the principle of optimality, analyzes the theoretical aspects of the method, as well as its use for analyzing a wide range of systems whose behavior in the future can be fully or statistically predicted based on their current state. The research results suggest that dynamic programming is used to solve a variety of tasks, including, but not limited to, the development of algorithms in the fields of machine learning, automated management and the definition of a management strategy for production systems. The paper presents aspects of the application of the dynamic programming method to solve practical problems of optimal process control, demonstrating its effectiveness and versatility in conditions of real operational constraints. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/49 https://doi.org/10.61413/gipv6858 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 46-57 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/gipv6858 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/50 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

THE INFLUENCE OF DEFECTS ON THE PHYSICO-MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS AND PRODUCTS BASHIROV, Rasim RASULOV, Fuzuli HAMDULLAYEVA, Ilhama ISMAILOV, Nijat length diameter polymer composition. matrix fiber strength elongation failure cracking The issues of the formation of physical and mechanical properties in polymer composite materials consisting of reinforcement (glass fiber) and a matrix (resin) are considered. The reasons causing failures in polymer composite materials of the specified type and products based on them are given. The dependence of the average strength and ultimate relative strain of monofilaments on their length and diameter has been studied. The effect of defects on the surface of reinforcing glass fibers on their strength has been studied. It is shown that with an increase in the length of glass fiber, defects of various types are formed on its surface. An empirical formula for the rate of fiberglass cracking is given. It is shown that the second stage of the glass fiber destruction process is poorly described by a power function with a constant exponent when the level of unloading stresses changes. The dependence of the nominal voltage on the actual voltage in glass fibers is obtained for various values of the coefficients of variation. It is shown that the main processes of interaction between the resin and the fiber occur either at their interface or in the border zone. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/50 https://doi.org/10.61413/efri7341 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 58-65 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/efri7341 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/51 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

INCREASING THE ACCURACY OF PROCESSING PARTS ON CNC LATHES AGAYEV, Agasi ABBASOVA, Govhar processing accuracy shape error machining workpiece part machine tool cutting tool trajectory The article examines the effect of the movement trajectory of the cutting tool on the longitudinal cross-sectional accuracy of the details processed on digitally controlled (DC) lathes. Opportunities to improve the accuracy of details are analyzed. The article investigates the influence of the trajectory of the cutting tool on the accuracy of the longitudinal section of parts processed on lathes with computer numerical control (CNC). The possibilities of increasing the accuracy of parts are analyzed. The article describes a method for calculating the trajectory of a turning tool on a machine with numerical control to compensate for elastic deformation when processing of the workpiece. In the process of turning bodies of rotation with low rigidity, elastic deformations occur under the action of cutting force, which negatively affects the accuracy of the machined surface. As a result, an error appears in the form of barrel-shaped, saddle-shaped, or a combination of these errors, depending on the stiffness machine and its individual parts. Based on the calculation of deformation at a constant depth of cut, it is proposed to determine the error, which must be further compensated using the given calculation method. It allows compensation to be carried out by predistortion the trajectory at the stage of programming the control program. Thus, during the turning process, the required diameter will be obtained with minimal errors, which in turn will have a positive effect on the reduction additional processing to remove form errors and improve the quality of part processing. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/51 https://doi.org/10.61413/nyxb4393 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 66-73 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/nyxb4393 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/52 2024-06-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-1

CdMnSe THIN FILMS FOR SOLAR ENERGY CONVERTERS MEHRABOVA, Matanat HUSEYNOV, Nizami KOCHEMIROVSKY, Vladimir KAZIMOVA, Aygun NAZAROV, Afin POLADOVA, Vusala Thin film semimagnetic semiconductor lifetime recombination center photoluminescense The studied semiconductor structure for photovoltaic cells is composed of SnO2-coated glass and CdMnSe thin film. A study is made by examining the photoluminescence from the surface of the CdMnSe thin film with laser power and sample temperature for an as-grown, then an air-annealed thin film, and undergone CdCl2 treatment. Thin films of Cd1-xMnxSe (x=0.05) were grown on a glass substrate. The lifetime of charge carriers under pulsed illumination was determined from the kinetic decay of the photocurrent. The study of relaxation curves of nonequilibrium photoconductivity under the influence of laser radiation confirmed the presence of two recombination channels - intrinsic and impurity. Photocurrent relaxation occurs through fast and slow recombination channels. The fast relaxation time τ = 13 μs associated with the intrinsic transition, and the slow relaxation time is due to impurity excitation and τ = 20 μs. The photoluminescence spectra of thin films of Cd1-xMnxSe (x=0.05) were studied. The observed emission lines can be divided into three parts. Emission lines with maxima λ1 = 868 nm, λ2 = 888 nm and λ3 = 933 nm, which are caused, respectively, by an optical transition in the region of the edge of the absorption band, an acceptor level located in the band gap and an optical zone-band transition or annihilation of free excitons. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-06-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/52 https://doi.org/10.61413/tubl2352 Machine Science, No. 1, (2024), pp. 74-80 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/tubl2352 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

oai:msj.aztu.edu.az:article/53 2024-12-30 openaire issue:machine-science-2024-2

OPTIMIZATION OF THE NUMBER OF MACHINING STAGES WORKPIECES FOR MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PARTS GUZEEV, Viktor YUSUBOV, Nizami ABBASOVA, Heyran DADASHOV, Ramil machining stages cutting conditions turning properties of the material being machined The productivity of machining in the production of machine parts is determined by the time spent on shaping surfaces according to the drawing and the number of machining stages required to achieve the specified accuracy of the part from workpieces of varying accuracy. Due to the well-known property of the technological system related to the technological inheritance of errors from the workpiece to the part, the refinement of the workpiece dimensions is carried out in several stages. The required number of machining (refining) stages for the workpiece depends both on the characteristics of the technological system itself and on the degree of variation in the workpiece's input parameters and its machining conditions. In addition, since the process of reducing the workpiece error depends on the dispersion of its dimensions, the required number of machining stages to achieve the specified accuracy is primarily determined by the change in the dimension of the dynamic setup at each stage. At the same time, the dimension itself is typically adjusted by changing the static setup. The dimension of the dynamic setup arises due to the elastic displacements of the elements of the technological system under the influence of cutting forces. The greater the difference between the dynamic setup dimension and the setup dimension (static setup dimension), the larger the error in the resulting dimension. Errors caused by fluctuations in the dynamic setup dimensions are difficult to compensate for, as they depend on many parameters: the strength properties of the material being machined, cutting conditions, cutting tool parameters and its wear, the rigidity of the technological system, and others. The article presents an approach to finding combinations of technological process parameters that ensure the shortest production time for parts and the specified accuracy. For parametric optimization, the identified patterns of the influence of the main technological process parameters on the refinement coefficient of the workpiece dimensions at each machining stage are discussed. Azerbaijan Technical University 2024-12-30 info:eu-repo/semantics/article info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion application/pdf https://msj.aztu.edu.az/articles/53 https://doi.org/10.61413/vzrv4922 Machine Science, No. 2, (2024), pp. 4-12 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.61413/vzrv4922 Machine Science; ISSN 2227-6912; E-ISSN 2790-0479 eng info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ eyJvIjo1MCwicCI6Im9haV9kYyJ9